Pruritus is another name for itchy skin. Symptoms vary depending on the cause but may include:
Generalized itchy skin all over the body or an itch localized to just one or a few small areas
Patches of red, bumpy, or irritated looking skin
Leathery or scaly skin
Cracked skin
Areas of broken or bleeding skin where you have scratched
Isolated crusty patches of skin that weep or have pus from a bacterial infection
Dry skin in other areas.
For some people, it can be hard not to itch. Unfortunately, this makes the skin itchier and it can be difficult to break this itch-scratch cycle once it has started.
What Causes Pruritus?
Pruritus is more common as people age, because skin tends to become drier. Causes of pruritus include:
Burns
Dermatitis (eczema)
Dry skin
Hives
Insect bites
Nerve conditions, such as diabetes, multiple sclerosis, pinched nerves, or shingles
Pregnancy
Psoriasis
Psychiatric conditions, such as anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder
Scabies
Scars
Underlying medical conditions (such as cancer, iron deficiency anemia, kidney failure, liver disease, or thyroid disease).
Sometimes doctors cannot find an underlying reason for the pruritus.
How is Pruritus Treated?
Treatment varies depending on the cause.
If dry skin is an underlying cause, then daily moisturizing is important, as is only using gentle cleansers and bathing in lukewarm water (hot water can dry out skin even more). Common treatments that may be used include:
Moisturizers
Anti-itch shower/bath products
Oral antihistamines
Oral SSRI antidepressants can also help relieve itch
Corticosteroid creams/ointments/lotions
Other creams/ointments (eg, calcineurin inhibitors, topical anesthetics, capsaicin)
Moist dressings
Phototherapy (light therapy).
See your doctor or a dermatologist (skin disease specialist) if your pruritus affects your whole body or has lasted more than two weeks and is not getting better with self-help measures. Also make an appointment if the itching is accompanied by other symptoms such as weight loss, fatigue, fever, or changes in bowel habits.
Drugs used to treat Pruritus
The medications listed below are related to or used in the treatment of this condition.
For ratings, users were asked how effective they found the medicine while considering positive/adverse effects and ease of use (1 = not effective, 10 = most effective).
Activity
Activity is based on recent site visitor activity relative to other medications in the list.
Rx
Prescription only.
OTC
Over-the-counter.
Rx/OTC
Prescription or Over-the-counter.
Off-label
This medication may not be approved by the FDA for the treatment of this condition.
EUA
An Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) allows the FDA to authorize unapproved medical products or unapproved uses of approved medical products to be used in a declared public health emergency when there are no adequate, approved, and available alternatives.
Expanded Access
Expanded Access is a potential pathway for a patient with a serious or immediately life-threatening disease or condition to gain access to an investigational medical product (drug, biologic, or medical device) for treatment outside of clinical trials when no comparable or satisfactory alternative therapy options are available.
Pregnancy Category
A
Adequate and well-controlled studies have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus in the first trimester of pregnancy (and there is no evidence of risk in later trimesters).
B
Animal reproduction studies have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women.
C
Animal reproduction studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in humans, but potential benefits may warrant use in pregnant women despite potential risks.
D
There is positive evidence of human fetal risk based on adverse reaction data from investigational or marketing experience or studies in humans, but potential benefits may warrant use in pregnant women despite potential risks.
X
Studies in animals or humans have demonstrated fetal abnormalities and/or there is positive evidence of human fetal risk based on adverse reaction data from investigational or marketing experience, and the risks involved in use in pregnant women clearly outweigh potential benefits.
N
FDA has not classified the drug.
Controlled Substances Act (CSA) Schedule
M
The drug has multiple schedules. The schedule may depend on the exact dosage form or strength of the medication.
U
CSA Schedule is unknown.
N
Is not subject to the Controlled Substances Act.
1
Has a high potential for abuse. Has no currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States. There is a lack of accepted safety for use under medical supervision.
2
Has a high potential for abuse. Has a currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States or a currently accepted medical use with severe restrictions. Abuse may lead to severe psychological or physical dependence.
3
Has a potential for abuse less than those in schedules 1 and 2. Has a currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States. Abuse may lead to moderate or low physical dependence or high psychological dependence.
4
Has a low potential for abuse relative to those in schedule 3. It has a currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States. Abuse may lead to limited physical dependence or psychological dependence relative to those in schedule 3.
5
Has a low potential for abuse relative to those in schedule 4. Has a currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States. Abuse may lead to limited physical dependence or psychological dependence relative to those in schedule 4.
Alcohol
X
Interacts with Alcohol.
Further information
Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.